Pay Attention To Both The Pronunciation And Grammar Part When Learning Japanese

Japanese language courses in Delhi NCR cover all three categories of processes in Japanese grammar. First category is of the processes that govern lexical representation barring certain segments (via context-free processes) or sequences (via context-sensitive processes) from the lexicon. Second are the processes that obligatorily govern derived structure typically applying to underlying representation to give careful speech forms. And third are the processes that optionally govern derived structure typically applying to careful speech forms to give hypo articulated forms.

So far the analysis of foreign assimilations has involved lexically inadmissible Ls sequences e.g. [ fi, wi, ye ]. Innovating speakers also borrow Ls sequences that are lexically admissible but do not occur on the surface in Lt, i.e. Ls [ ti, tu, tyu ]. These sequences are lexically admissible in Japanese but normally would obligatorily undergo the application of certain derivational processes to yield [ ts̆i, tsu, ts̆u ] on the surface. These latter are in fact the pronunciations used by conservative speakers, and on the basis of this we will assume that the Ls phonetic sequences are simply taken as lexical representations and are then subjected to whatever derivational processes apply. Innovating speakers, in order to approximate the Ls pronunciation, presumably suspend the derivational processes yielding a surface pronunciation identical with the lexical representation. This is a different strategy where innovating speakers apply casual speech processes to approximate Ls pronunciations. In the present case there do not appear to be any casual speech processes by which to derive [ ti, tu, tyu ]. Examples:

Conservative Innovating

'party' / paatii / [ paats̆ii ] [ paatii ]

'two' / tuu / [ tsuu ] [ tuu ]

'tulip' / tyuurippu / [ ts̆uu̯rippu ] [ tyuurippu ]

The lexical entries of innovating speakers will contain a diacritic showing they are exempt from the application of the relevant derivational processes i.e. STOP AFF, PAL, ALVPALADJ, and PAL GLIDE DEL.

Since the voiced sub processof STOP AFF governs the lexicon, these sequences will be lexicalized by conservative speakers as /dzi, dzu, dzyu/ and pronounced [dzi, dzu, dzyu] via PAL, ALVPALADJ, and LAB GLIDE DEL, e.g.

              

'diesel' / dziidzeru / [ dz̆iizeru ]

'drawers' / dzuroosu / [ dzuroosu ]

'duet' / dzyuetto / [ dz̆uetto ]

Innovating speakers in order to render admissible the pronunciations [di, du, dyu] must lexicalize the above sequences as /di, du, dyu/ by suppressing STOPAFF so that it no longer governs the lexicon. They must also suspend the obligatory derivational processes PAL, ALVPALADJ, and PAL GLIDE DEL, e.g.

'diesel' / dzii̯dzeru / [ dii̯zeru ]

'laundry' / randuri / [ randuri ]

'duet' / dyuetto / [ dyuetto ]

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